考研

　　考研英语完型、阅读、翻译及写作都不开语法知识，语法是基础，考生一定要熟悉，且灵活的掌握。

　　2017考研英语语法小讲：冠词

　　一、单数可数名词

　　单数可数名词前必须加冠词，a(an)表示泛指或类指，the表示特指或类指。

　　例句： Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. (选自2008年Text 4)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，其中主句是Washington overcame the strong opposition...， who引导的非限制性定语从句修饰Washington，该句中又有一个that引导的从句作believe的宾语。

　　译文： 在美国独立战争期间目睹了黑人士兵的勇敢之后，华盛顿才开始认为人生来平等。他克服了亲人的强烈反对，在遗嘱中给自己的奴隶们自由。

　　例句： While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (选自2007年Part C)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，其中supplied to them by lawyers作定语修饰interpretations，undue reliance意为“过分依赖”。

　　译文： 虽然法律报道的质量各不相同，但是许多新闻记者都过分依赖律师提供给他们的解释。

　　二、定冠词the的用法

　　在下述几种情况下须用定冠词the:表示世界上独一无二的名词，用在可数名词单数或某些形容词前代表一类人或事物，用在形容词、副词和序数词和only之前。乐器名称前要加定冠词the。

　　如：

　　the sun the moon the universe the camel

　　the blind the largest island the only student the piano

　　例句： The universe works in a way so far removed from what common sense would allow that words of any kind must necessarily be inadequate to explain it. (1998年第19题)

　　分析： 该句是复合句，what common sense would allow...作介词from的宾语从句，该句中还包含一个so...that...从句。