考研

　　阅读在考研英语试卷中占据着举足轻重的地位，基础阶段，2019考研学子们一定要对真题阅读文章进行全方位解读，并充分利用课上老师所讲的阅读技巧，在真题中进行反复演练，在夯实基础的同时了解考研英语阅读做题思路，并提高考研英语阅读题的正确率。今天，文都考研英语老师为大家进行2003年第三篇阅读文章和真题的剖析，希望大家能够对这篇文章有充分的认知和了解。

　　2003年Text 3文章是一篇关于铁路公司合并可能引起垄断的文章。本文结构为明显的总—分—总结构：第一段开篇点题，最后一段对全文进行总结，都属于综述部分，中间部分则进行详细论述。

　　In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.

　　Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.

　　51. According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because ________.

　　[A] cost reduction is based on competition

　　[B] services call for cross-trade coordination

　　[C] outside competitors will continue to exist

　　[D] shippers will have the railway by the throat

　　【文章必背词汇汇总】

　　Railroad 铁路;铁路公司;铁路系统

　　freight(n.)货物，客货，运费 (v.)装货，使充满，运送

　　merger(n.)合并，归并

　　monopoly(n.)垄断，垄断者，专利权，专利事业;mono前缀表“单一的”，如：monotone 单调的

　　Allow for 顾及;考虑到;带来

　　【长难句分析】

　　But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.

　　分析：句子主干是many shippers complain that ...。后面都是宾语从句的内容，该从句由therefore连接的两个分句构成，其中第一个分句是trucking is too costly，第二个分句是the railroads have them by the throat;在第一个分句前是for引导的介词短语引起话题。

　　参考译文：但许多客户却抱怨说，对于长途运输的大宗货物来说，如煤炭，化学制品和粮食，公路运输成本太高，因此铁路公司就会制约他们的发展。

　　【题目分析】

　　本题为细节题。回答本题的关键在于识别文章提到的支持兼并的那些人持有的观点。根据文章第二段第一句Supporters of the new super systems argue that可以得知第二句话“Any threat of monopoly，they argue，is removed by fierce competition from trucks”为支持兼并的人的观点，即他们认为，垄断不可能形成是因为有公路运输的激烈竞争。因此C选项“外部竞争者将继续存在”是正确选项。

　　以上为文都考研英语老师为大家进行的2003年第三篇阅读文章的部分解析，希望大家能够对这篇文章有进一步深刻的理解和认识。

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