考研

　　阅读是一个相对综合的题型，涉及到多方面能力的考查。与其在浩如烟海的复习资料中迷失方向，不知所措，不如直接从真题入手。文都考研英语老师继续为2018考研同学们梳理考研英语历年真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下2003年考研英语真题阅读Text 3，这篇文章主要讲了铁路部门的合并。

　　Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone’s cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

　　justify“证明...是正当的，替...辩护”;discrimination against“对...的歧视”;on the grounds that“由于”;in the long run“从长远来看”;average rate“平均价格”;switch to“转向”;transportation“运输工具”;leaving现在分词充当结果状语;remaining“剩下的，剩余的”;shoulder“承担”;keep up the line“维持运营”。

　　It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?” ...

　　subscribe to“同意，赞同”，也可以表示“订阅，捐款”，subscribe的名词形式subscription;in practice“实际上”;leave...in the position of doing“使...处于...地位”;determine“决定”;flourish“繁荣”;fail“失败”，名词形式failure;arbiter“仲裁者”;marketplace“市场”。

　　Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on...

　　be hit with“发生...灾难，遭遇”;a round of“一连串的”;huge rate increase“价格的大幅度上涨”;as a whole“总的来说”;despite“尽管”;brightening fortunes可以表示“光明的前途”;cover“支付”;capital“资金”;it must invest为定语从句;keep up with“赶得上”;surging“剧增的”;acquire“收购”，名词形式acquisition;cheer...on“鼓励，为...打气”。

　　以上就是文都考研英语老师为大家梳理的2003年考研英语真题阅读Text 3后两段的要点。考研也许不简单，但是应该没有大家想象得那么困难。“绝知此事要躬行”，各位同学赶紧行动起来吧!阅读难，但是最重要，因此不可以回避，也不要无休止地拖延，否则后患无穷。如果大家能够坚持下来，到时候也许会发现原来不过如此。

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