考研

　　文都考研英语老师为大家梳理一下1993年考研英语真题阅读Text 1的要点，涉及相对重要的词汇和短语的含义和用法以及典型长难句的分析。这篇文章主要介绍了儿童语言的形成和发展。供2018考研学子参考。

　　Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick II in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.

　　judge from“依据...判断”;drastic“激烈的，猛烈的”和experiment“实验”连用，显然不合适，因此，可以引申为“重要的”。Hoping to discover...现在分词充当目的状语;mother tongue“母语”。

　　But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.

　　more than + n./ v.“不仅仅，不只是”;He is more than a teacher.“他不仅仅是一名老师。”They teach very well and more than earn their salaries.“他们擅长教书，而且不仅仅是为了赚钱。”lack of“缺乏”。mothering“呵护，照料”;the capacity to survive“生存的能力”。

　　Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.

　　nevertheless“然而”，表转折;常见的表转折的词还有but, yet, instead, however, whereas;backward“发展迟缓的”。most often“通常来说”;be insensitive to“对...不敏感”;be programmed to do“按程序做...”。neglect“忽略，忽视”，相当于ignore;acquire“习得”，名词形式acquisition。

　　Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.

　　expert“专家”;suggest“认为”;in a fixed sequence“依据固定的次序”;at a constant age“在特定的年龄”;case“情况”;where引导定语从句;turn out to be“结果是...”;be of“具有...的性质”。

　　And even more incredible is the young brain’s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.

　　even表示沿着同一方向递进;incredible“难以置信的，惊人的”;pick out“辨认”;to do不定式充当后置定语，修饰限定ability;这是一个倒装句，表语提前。

　　But speech has to be induced, ... Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.

　　induce“激发”;dull“使迟钝”;get discouraged“灰心丧气”;discouraged“气馁的”。be essential to“对...必不可少”。

　　以上就是文都考研英语老师为大家梳理的1993年考研英语真题阅读Text 1的要点，希望对各位同学的复习有所帮助。对于阅读中出现的相对重要的内容，建议大家完成之后，定期回顾，循序渐进，直到彻底掌握为止。

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