考研

　　2022考研英语复习要抓紧，尤其是英语阅读占得分值会比较多。考研英语阅读能力想提升，还需要考生不断地日积月累阅读文章才能进步！文都网校考研小编为大家分享2022考研英语经济学人：如何培养孩子的“阳刚之气”?希望能帮助到大家~【文末领资料】

2022考研英语经济学人:如何培养孩子的“阳刚之气”?

　　Officials in China make pupils take sport seriously—with exams

　　官员们希望让学生注重体育锻炼

　　They believe insufficient physical education is turning boys into wimps

　　他们认为体育教育的缺失正在把男孩变成懦夫

　　In exam-obsessed China, educators have long struggled with the problem of overworked schoolchildren. Attempts to do away with some test-oriented teaching often face resistance from parents, who worry that their offspring could lose out in the race to get into a good university.

　　在注重考试的中国，教育工作者一直在努力为学生减负。但一些有关取消应试教育的尝试往往会遭到家长们的抵制，他们担心自己的孩子可能会因此考不上一所好大学。

　　Some enlightened officials are taking a new tack. In the south-western province of Yunnan they have not only revamped the physical-education test in the zhongkao, an examination for entrance to senior secondary school. They have also given it the same weighting in the exam as all-important subjects like maths and Chinese. Eight provinces have joined Yunnan in including art and music tests in the zhongkao.

　　一些开明的官员正在采取一种新的策略。中国西南部的云南省不仅将体育纳入了中考(高中入学考试)考试科目，还给予其等同于数学和语文等重要科目的权重。如今，已有8个省份跟随云南的步伐，将艺术和音乐等科目纳入了中考考试科目。

　　These reforms are in response to demands by the central government for a more well-rounded approach to education. In 2017 primary and secondary schools were ordered to hire only specialists to teach PE and art.

　　这些改革措施的目的是为了响应中央推行全面教育的要求。2017年，有关规定要求中小学只得招聘具有相关专业教育背景的体育和艺术老师。

　　In October they were directed to organise daily gym classes; to include PE and art in the zhongkao; and to make pupils’ graduation conditional on their fitness (it did not say how to assess this). The government says it wants to foster a “lifelong habit of exercise” and, through art, “noble sentiments”.

　　去年10月，有关规定要求学校必须组织学生每天进行体育活动;将体育和艺术纳入了中考考试科目;并且将学生的健康状况作为毕业的条件之一(但并未明确如何对健康状况进行评估)。政府表示，希望通过抓体育和抓艺术来培养孩子们“终身锻炼的习惯”和“高尚的情操”。

　　The government worries about how many youngsters are in poor shape. In 2017 officials in the southern city of Guangzhou found that only 2.6% of local children were in “excellent” health. Half of pupils surveyed there had myopia.

　　政府担心太多的年轻人把身体搞坏了。2017年，中国南部广州市的官员发现，当地仅有2.6%的儿童有着“良好”的健康状况。被调查的学生中有一半患有近视。

　　Today one in five Chinese children is overweight, up from just one in 20 in 1995. Such statistics fan another fear: that today’s youngsters, and boys in particular, are over-indulged wimps. The state news agency, Xinhua, grimly summed it up with a headline: “Why good times produce weak children”.

　　如今，中国有五分之一的儿童超重，而1995年时仅为二十分之一。这些数据引发了人们的另一种担忧：当今年轻人(尤其是男孩)是被过度溺爱的懦夫。官方新闻机构新华社发表了一篇名为“好时光为什么会养育出孱弱的孩子”的文章对此进行总结。

　　In 2018 many parents were upset that a children’s show—co-produced by the education ministry, ironically—had featured male pop stars who, with their perfect coifs and eyeliner, were not deemed role models manly enough for their sons.

　　颇具讽刺意味的是，2018年，在一档由教育部联合制作的儿童节目中，男歌星们做了完美的发型、画了完美的眼线，但却缺少一种阳刚之气，许多家长对此感到不满，认为他们无法起到榜样作用。

　　In January the ministry pledged to “pay more attention to cultivating pupils’ masculinity” and endorsed a politician’s proposal to hire more male PE teachers to prevent the “feminisation” of teen boys.

　　今年1月，教育部承诺将“更加注重培养学生的阳刚之气”，并采纳了一位政界人士的建议，将聘用更多男性体育老师，以防止男孩“女性化”。

　　Zhu Weiqiang of East China Normal University, who advises the government on PE reforms, says that teaching a non-aggressive form of kung fu was once commonly proposed. Now officials want children to learn wrestling.

　　政府体育改革顾问、华东师范大学的朱伟强表示，过去通常会建议学校将一种非攻击性的武术教授给孩子们。如今，官员们希望孩子们都去学摔跤。

　　But parents do not want their children to be distracted from their books. They are used to pupils getting full marks in PE with next-to-no effort, partly because examiners have tended to grade generously to avoid “unfairly” penalising hard-working students, says Mr Zhu. Schools often cancel PE and art classes in favour of extra revision-sessions for other subjects.

　　但家长们并不想让他们的孩子分心去做读书之外的事情。朱伟强说，他们已经习惯于学生几乎不费吹灰之力便能拿到体育满分，这在一定程度是因为考官往往打分很松，以避免对那些勤奋学习的学生进行“不公平地”惩罚。学校经常会占用体育课和艺术课，以增加其他科目的复习时间。

　　This will change with the new reforms. But parents are already griping that PE will be just one more source of stress. They fret about how art will be appraised. Some point out that schools in big cities will be able to fork out for boxing gear and trips to calligraphy museums, giving their pupils yet another edge in the zhongkao. Mr Zhu laments the use of exam pressure to get people’s attention. Still, he hopes it is but a hop, skip and a jump to greater fitness.

　　所有这些现象都将随教育改革而改变。但家长们已经开始抱怨，给他们带来压力的不仅仅是体育。他们还为艺术如何评分的问题而担心。有人指出，大城市里的学校有钱购买拳击装备并组织学生参观书法博物馆，这会使他们的学生在中考中更有优势。朱伟强对于利用考试压力引起人们重视的方式感到遗憾。他希望这只是改革的第一步，通过一步又一步地努力，最终还孩子们一个健康的身体。

　　重难点词汇：

　　revamp [ˈriːvæmp] v. 修补;修改 n. 改进

　　myopia [maɪˈoʊpiə] n. 近视;目光短浅

　　wimp [wɪmp] n. 懦弱的人 v. 畏缩

　　ironically [aɪˈrɑːnɪkli] adv. 讽刺地;说反话地

　　masculinity [ˌmæskjəˈlɪnəti] n. 阳刚之气

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