2021考研英语最后冲刺规划 细节造就成功
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2021考研英语考试大纲已公布，文都考研小编就试卷结构、题型分布、做题顺序等方面给同学们做了详细介绍，并给大家整理了9-12月的备考建议。在文末还有小作文模板合集及大作文百搭句式合集等干货内容，快来看看吧！
►2021考研英语大纲：试卷结构vs 做题顺序
一、试卷结构
|
部分 |
节 |
为考生提供的信息 |
指导语语言 |
测试要点 |
题型 |
题目 |
计分 |
|
Ⅰ英语知识运用（10分） |
|
1篇文章（240～280词） |
英语 |
词汇、语法和结构 |
完形填空多项选择 |
20 |
10 |
|
Ⅱ |
A |
4篇文章 |
英语 |
理解主旨要义、具 |
多项选择 |
20 |
40 |
|
B |
1篇文章（500～600词） |
英语 |
对连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解 |
选择搭配 |
5 |
10 |
|
|
C |
1篇文章 |
英语 |
理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料 |
英译汉 |
5 |
10 |
|
|
Ⅲ |
A |
规定情景 |
英语 |
写私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等 |
应用文写作（约100词） |
1 |
10 |
|
B |
主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等 |
英语 |
写描述性、叙述性、说明性、议论性文章 |
短文写作 |
1 |
20 |
|
|
总计 |
|
|
|
|
|
50+2 |
100 |
二、题型分布：
1、完形填空：10分
2、四篇大阅读：40分
3、新题型阅读：10分。
4、翻译：10分。
5、小作文：10分。各类应用文，如书信，通知等。
6、大作文：20分。短文写作。
时间：180分钟；
三、做题顺序：写作-阅读-新题型-翻译-完型
1.写作建议：写作文时间应该控制在50分钟-1个小时分钟之内，小作文写20分钟，6--8句话，超过8句话就太多了。大作文30分钟足够了，写3个自然段，12句话，最多15句。在考场上写作文，不在于你写的内容、篇幅太长，关键是看你的质量，包括内容、形式和语言。
2.阅读建议：一般来说，四篇阅读理解文章，做题时间在60分钟到80分钟之间。建议每篇文章花费15分钟时间，如果有个别较难的文章，可以多花点时间，但是不要超过20分钟。尽量在一篇文章上耽误太久，到点就要做下一篇，如果最后有时间，可以再来详细检查。
3.新题型建议：从这几年的真题走势来看，这部分的难度不是很大，建议考生把时间控制在20分钟之内。
4.翻译建议：翻译部分实际上是对阅读理解和翻译综合能力的考查，本身题目量较大，而且要翻译成相对应的汉语，建议大家把时间控制在20分钟内，注意字迹清晰。
5.完形填空建议：最多花15分钟时间，因为20个选项涂答题卡也要几分钟时间。如果最后没有时间仔细看题，就适度放弃完形填空，把时间放在认认真真涂好答题卡上面。
►9月-12月备考建议
时间安排：分单双周进行，每天建议两-三个小时左右，以一周为例
单周建议
Day1:阅读，限时一个半小时，做四篇，做完对照解析看错题；
Day2-3：阅读错误率大于2道的文章通篇看；整理选项中出现的词组和文中的同义替换词；
Day 4 完型2-3篇（选项中的单词和短语全部查阅，并把正确答案填到文章中去，然后同看一遍文章）
Day 5: 新题型2篇，同一类型的一起做：错误的题着重分析上下句的句意，注意复数名词/代词
翻译一篇：对照答案句进行订正，尽量精确到词组
Day6-7:写作词汇：大小作文个一篇；
双周建议：
抽周中一天的下午进行全真模拟，时间14：00-17:00；
第二天开始，分题型进行整理错题笔记。
►小作文模板合集
信件类模板参考：
Dear ___________,
You have asked me for my advice with regard to _______, and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.
In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions:_________________(建议的内容)
I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.
Good Luck with your_______(祝愿)
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
►通知类模板参考：以下为范文参考
语言注意点通知必须用简练、准确的语言传递信息。如果包含对演讲人、主要参与人或组织者等的介绍，则语言应大方得体，重点突出，切忌长篇大论。
Write a notice in about 100 words for the Student Union to inform of a speech contest.
NOTICE
The Student Union has decided to hold a Chinese speech contest to celebrate the coming National Day. The maximum time of each speaker is eight minutes. We will invite seven experts to serve as judges. Every speaker will be judged from three aspects: script, eloquence, and the reaction of the audience. The results will be announced immediately.
All the participants are required to hand in their request form before September 12. The preliminary contest falls on September 18 in the school library. The final contest will be held on September 30 in the cinema of our university.
The Student Union
Sept. 2, 2005
►备忘录模板参考
1、格式
备忘录主要由两部分组成，一是信头，包括To, From, Subject, Date， 信头部分需要顶格写; 二是正文部分，一般用缩进式，即每段首行缩进四个字母。
2、篇章结构
第一段：第一句话交待目的，简明扼要、准确清楚地交代事情或要通知的信息。
第二段：一句总结，强调对方要尽快做出回应。
范文一：
To : Staff
From: John Smith
Date: May 1st, 2015
Subject: the modification for existing promotional mode
I’m writing this letter to inform you that we are scheduled to modify our company’s existing chief promotional mode. The poor performance resulting from newspapers and magazines we previously employed to advertise our products, coupled with the mounting competitive pressure from our rivals in the market, has forced us to make some changes. As from next Monday, the Internet will serve as the main promotional channel to boost our items’ sales. Plus, a string of advertising campaigns will be launched in a bid to lure consumers.
If you need further information, please call me as soon as possible.
6点备考建议：
1. 小作文的话题广泛，建议同学们英一和英二的话题都可以试着写一写，一周至少一篇；
2. 小作文也要主要分清是私人信件或者公务书信，注意语句的的使用；
3.注意固定格式，请勿标新立异。
4.中间段题目要求的所有信息都需要涉及到，一个都不能漏掉。
5.拼写不出来的单词尽量用简单词汇替代，切勿出现严重词汇和语法错误。
6，小作文大纲规定100字左右，答题卡空格仅10行，非常紧凑，平时训练注意控制字数。
►大作文百搭句式合集
模板一：图画作文
This illustration depicts_________ (图画中的人物)Ving, with______________(补充说明). Recently it has become common for people in many walks of life to_____________(进一步阐释)
It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(图画主题), which is ______________(进一步的说明). He seems to be saying that_______________(给出细节). In my opinion, ___________(个人阐述).
This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群体，如the whole of the human race). Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(问题所在). One the one hand, we must _________________(建议一). It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(进一步说明). On the other hand, ________________(建议二) Only in this way can we___________(展望前景).
写作思路：
1、Describe
2、Interpret
3、Comment/examples
第一段的写法
第一句：描述图画（1-2）
第二句：图画的影响（引起关注）
第三句：图画意义句（含义深刻）
第一句：
As is shown above, in the middle of the picture stands a college student , carrying a desk and holding a pen , which symbolizing that he is occupying a seat in the reading room for himself.
象征句型：
1、..., symbolizing that 名词/句子
2、..., which is symbolic of 名词
3、..., which symbolizes that 句子
As is shown above, in the middle of the picture walks a man , failing to find underground water due to lack of adequate efforts to dig a deep enough well , and being unaware of the true reason of his failure.
..., trying to detect underground water by digging the well but failing to do so due to lack of perseverance.
图画三步描述法：
As is shown above,
1.中心对象位置+系动词+中心对象，
2. v-ing 粉刺短语/v-ed短语/定语从句描述中心对象
3.用独立主格结构描述周围事物
As is shown above, behind the Lost and Found counter sits an old lady , waiting for the owners of lost articles ,with lost items put on the shelf behind her,among which are love, responsibility ,sympathy , conscience, and the like , used to be valued by all of us .
As is shown above, in the river dangerously floats a paper boat, symbolizing the moral training , containing some bread and fruits ,which is symbolic of food safety.
As is shown above, a serious traffic congestion occurs in the downtown area of a city , with many cars, bicycles and even passengers stuck fast in a mess.
四种工具：
1、完全倒装
2、V-ing短语
3、V-ed短语
4、定语从句
The topic illustrated in the picture will make good copy in the newspaper.
第二句的写法：（图画的影响，引起关注）
If posted on the wechat , this picture will draw user’s attention and imagination for its profound implication.
As is shown above, in the middle of he left picture, sits a youngster on the chair ,boasting that he owns a lot of books on the shelf in front of him without reading any of them.By contrast, in the right picture sits another young people in front of the desk , making a reading plan of this year to read twenty copies of book, with great determination. Although he does not boast that many books as the left boy does.
The contrast illustrated by the two pictures above will capture online community’s great attention and abundant imagination because a much more complicated and profound topic is revealed by these two pictures.
These pictures, if posted in some newspapers, will trigger the intense discussion on the meaning of reading and exploring the implication of life.
This cartoon shows us a striking contrast and will enlighten us persistently.
第三句的写法：
The drawing truly displays a states that is worthy of our attention.
We can’t afford to turn a blind eye to the problem highlighted by the picture.
第二段的写法：（阐释含义+展开方法）
段落展开的方法：
1、科学论据法
2、举例法
3、虚拟语气法
4、平行展开法
5、因果展开法
一、科学论据法：
According to a survey
According to one of the latest surveys conducted by a certain international organization,...
列举数字，然后需要一个定语从句来补充说明
According to the latest survey , money spent on pets in the city of Beijing is as much as 1.73 billion dollars, which can feed all the Japanese in the world for a whole year.
数字句型：
Money spent on sth is as much as...
Money spent on sth has reach as much as...
Money earned/collected/raised is as much as...
扩展句型：
China Daily interviewed four individuals from four professions _ a surgeon, a lawyer, a civil servant and a steel worker
The survey discovers that all of them are of the idea that _
According to a survey conducted by Chinese Academy of Science （CAS）/Chinese Academy of social science（CASS）...
二、因果展开法
现象——原因，图表——趋势——原因
1、Obviously , a variety of factors contribute to the phenomenon shown above ,with the following ones being the foremost.
For one thing ...
For another,...
Adding to A and B is...
2、The phenomenon /change in ...mainly results /arises from the fact that ...原因
Another contributory factor of ... is ...原因
I can think of no better reason for this phenomenon other than the following one
3、There are many factors for the dramatic change in...
Firstly ...
Secondly...
Finally...
三、平行展开法
四、举例法
句型：
1、For example ,...
2、...,for example...
3、Our society has been filled with a variety of examples of 主题，with the following one being the foremost.
4、Among all touching facts relating to ...主题，that I have heard ,noticed and experienced, the most impressive one is...
5、Numerous cases exist to illustrate this point .Take sb. for example ,but for主题，sb could not have done sth. Let alone doing sth.
6、Take sb, 同位语， for example
It’s 主题 that helps sb to do sth.
7、sb/sth ,同位语，serves as a shining and fitting example.
It’s 主题 that helps sb to do sth.
Google ,the star internet company attaining a string pf prominent feats with some unrivalled products, serves as a shining and fitting example.
It is the adventure spirit that helps this firm create enormous value to both its share holders and the general public.
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