考研

　　2021考研英语阅读怎么训练自己才能得到提高呢？每天阅读一篇英语文章，保持语感，熟悉英文的说话方式，对大家在进行2021考研英语考试的时候非常有帮助，文都网校考研小编为大家带来今天的阅读练习资料：百年孤独。一起来看看吧~

　　经典名句-英文：The indolence of the people was in contrast to the voracity of oblivion, which little by little was undermining memories in a pitiless way..

　　经典名句-译文：萎靡迟钝的人哪里抵得住健忘症，这种健忘症使他们逐渐忘记了所有的往事。

2021考研英语阅读练习资料： 百年孤独第17章(5)

　　With ?rsula’s death the house again fell into a neglect from which it could not be rescued even by a will as resolute and vigorous as that of Amaranta ?rsula, who many years later, being a happy, modern woman without prejudices, with her feet on the ground, opened doors and windows in order to drive away the rain, restored the garden, exterminated the red ants who were already walking across the porch in broad daylight, and tried in vain to reawaken the forgotten spirit of hospitality. Fernanda’s cloistered passion built in impenetrable dike against ?rsula’s torrential hundred years. Not only did she refuse to open doors when the arid wind passed through, but she had the windows nailed shut with boards in the shape of a cross, obeying the paternal order of being buried alive. The expensive correspondence with the invisible doctors ended in failure. After numerous postponements, she shut herself up in her room on the date and hour agreed upon, covered only by a white sheet and with her head pointed north, and at one o’clock in the morning she felt that they were covering her head with a handkerchief soaked in a glacial liquid. When she woke up the sun was shining in the window and she had a barbarous stitch in the shape of an arc that began at her crotch and ended at her sternum. But before she could complete the prescribed rest she received a disturbed letter from the invisible doctors, who mid they had inspected her for six hours without finding anything that corresponded to the symptoms so many times and so scrupulously described by her. Actually, her pernicious habit of not calling things by their names had brought about a new confusion, for the only thing that the telepathic surgeons had found was a drop in the uterus which could be corrected by the use of a pessary. The disillusioned Fernanda tried to obtain more precise information, but the unknown correspondents did not answer her letters any more. She felt so defeated by the weight of an unknown word that she decided to put shame behind her and ask what a pessary was, and only then did she discover that the French doctor had hanged himself to a beam three months earlier and had been buried against the wishes of the townspeople by a former companion in arms of Colonel Aureliano Buendía. Then she confided in her son Jos?Arcadio and the latter sent her the pessaries from Rome along with a pamphlet explaining their use, which she flushed down the toilet after committing it to memory so that no one would learn the nature of her troubles. It was a useless precaution because the only people who lived in the house scarcely paid any attention to her. Santa Sofía de la Piedad was wandering about in her solitary old age, cooking the little that they ate and almost completely dedicated to the care of Jos?Arcadio Segundo. Amaranta ?rsula, who had inherited certain attractions of Remedios the Beauty, spent the time that she had formerly wasted tormenting ?rsula at her schoolwork, and she began to show good judgment and a dedication to study that brought back to Aureliano Segundo the high hopes that Meme had inspired in him. He had promised her to send her to finish her studies in Brussels, in accord with a custom established during the time of the banana company, and that illusion had brought him to attempt to revive the lands devastated by the deluge. The few times that he appeared at the house were for Amaranta ?rsula, because with time he had become a stranger to Fernanda and little Aureliano was becoming withdrawn as he approached puberty. Aureliano Segundo had faith that Fernanda’s heart would soften with old age so that the child could join in the life of the town where no one certainly would make any effort to speculate suspiciously about his origins. But Aureliano himself seemed to prefer the cloister of solitude and he did not show the least desire to know the world that began at the street door of the house. When ?rsula had the door of Melquíades?room opened he began to linger about it, peeping through the half-opened door, and no one knew at what moment he became close to Jos?Arcadio Segundo in a link of mutual affection. Aureliano Segundo discovered that friendship a long time after it had begun, when he heard the child talking about the killing at the station. It happened once when someone at the table complained about the ruin into which the town had sunk when the banana company had abandoned it, and Aureliano contradicted him with maturity and with the vision of a grown person. His point of view, contrary to the general interpretation, was that Macondo had been a prosperous place and well on its way until it was disordered and corrupted and suppressed by the banana company, whose engineers brought on the deluge as a pretext to avoid promises made to the workers. Speaking with such good sense that to Fernanda he was like a sacrilegious parody of Jews among the wise men, the child described with precise and convincing details how the army had machine-gunned more than three thousand workers penned up by the station and how they loaded the bodies onto a two-hundred-car train and threw them into the sea. Convinced as most people were by the official version that nothing had happened, Fernanda was scandalized with the idea that the child had inherited the anarchist ideas of Colonel Aureliano Buendía and told him to be quiet. Aureliano Segundo, on the other hand, recognized his twin brother’s version. Actually, in spite of the fact that everyone considered him mad, Jos?Arcadio Segundo was at that time the most lucid inhabitant of the house. He taught little Aureliano how to read and write, initiated him in the study of the parchments, and he inculcated him with such a personal interpretation of what the banana company had meant to Macondo that many years later, when Aureliano became part of the world, one would have thought that he was telling a hallucinated version, because it was radically opposed to the false one that historians had created and consecrated in the schoolbooks. In the small isolated room where the arid air never penetrated, nor the dust, nor the heat, both had the atavistic vision of an old man, his back to the window, wearing a hat with a brim like the wings of a crow who spoke about the world many years before they had been born. Both described at the same time how it was always March there and always Monday, and then they understood that Jos?Arcadio Buendía was not as crazy as the family said, but that he was the only one who had enough lucidity to sense the truth of the fact that time also stumbled and had accidents and could therefore splinter and leave an eternalized fragment in a room. Jos?Arcadio Segundo had managed, furthermore, to classify the cryptic letters of the parchments. He was certain that they corresponded to an alphabet of forty-seven to fifty-three characters, which when separated looked like scratching and scribbling, and which in the fine hand of Melquíades looked like pieces of clothing put out to dry on a line. Aureliano remembered having seen a similar table in the English encyclopedia, so he brought it to the room to compareit with that of Jos?Arcadio Segundo. They were indeed the same.

　　乌苏娜死后，整座房子又变成了废墟。即使象阿玛兰塔乌苏娜这么一个刚强的人，再过许多年也不可能把房子从废墟中搭救出来。那时，她将是一个成年妇女，毫无偏见，快快活活，富有时代感，脚踏实地，却依然不可能敞开门窗，驱散毁灭的气氛，不可能重建家园，不可能消灭在大白天放肆地顺着长廊爬行的红蚂蚁，不可能使布恩蒂亚家恢复那种已经消失的好客精神;这个家庭对闭关自守的偏爱，犹如一个不可逾越的拦河坝，屹立在乌苏娜风风雨雨的百年生活道路上，也占据了菲兰达的心灵。在热风停息之后，菲兰达不但拒不同意打开房门，还叫人把一个个木十字架钉在窗棂上，为的是遵从父母的遗教，活生生地埋葬自己。她跟没有见过的医生之间代价高昂的通信，也以彻底失败告终。在月经多次延期之后，菲兰达便在规定的那一天、那个时刻，把自己锁在自己的卧室里，头朝北躺在床上，全身只盖一条白被单。到了半夜，她忽然感到有一条不知用什么冰冷的液体浸湿的餐布搁在自己脸上，醒来以后，只见太阳照进了窗户，她那肚子上的一块弧形伤疤正在泛红-一从腹股沟开始，一直红到胸骨。可是，早在规定的手术休息期还没过去之前，菲兰达就收到没有见过的医生一封令人不愉快的来信。信中告诉她说，他们曾为她作过一次仔细的检查，检查持续了六小时，但是没有发现她的内脏有任何毛病能够引起她不止一次十分详尽地描述过的那些症状。菲兰达总是不爱说出任何东西的名称，这个坏习惯又使她上了当，心灵感应术的医生发现的是子宫下垂，即使不动手术，靠宫托的帮助也能治愈。灰心丧气的菲兰达希望得到更明确的诊断，谁知那些没有见过的医生却不再回她的信。她心里对“宫托”这个不可理解的词儿感到沉重，便决定不顾羞愧去问那位法国医生，宫托究竟是什么东西。这时她才听说法国医生在三个月前吊死在仓库横梁上了，奥雷连诺上校的一个老战友违背大家的意愿，把他埋葬在坟地上。于是，菲兰达只好依靠自己的儿子，儿子从罗马给她寄来一些宫托和一份使用说明书。菲兰达开头还背诵这份说明书，后来为了对所有的人隐瞒自己的病情，又把它扔进了厕所。其实，这是一种不必要的预防措施，因为这座房子里的最后几个人根本就不注意菲兰达。圣索菲娅·德拉佩德沉湎在孤独的老年生活中，除了为全家做点简单的午餐，她把其它的时间都用来照料霍。 阿卡蒂奥第二了。在一定程度上继承了俏姑娘雷麦黛丝美貌的阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜，如今也把以往用去折磨乌苏娜的时间，用来准备功课。奥雷连诺第二伪女儿开始显露与众不同的聪明才智，而且特别用功。这些素质使她父亲心里又产生了从前梅梅在他心里引起过的那些希望。他答应阿玛兰塔。乌苏娜，要按照香蕉公司时期的惯例，送她到布鲁塞尔去完成学业。这个理想使他又想耕耘洪水冲毁的土地。不过，人们难得在家里看到他，他只是为了阿玛兰塔。 乌苏娜才去那儿，因为对菲兰达来说，随着时光的流逝，他已成了外人。那个已成青年的小奥雷连诺也越来越热衷于与世隔绝的孤独生活。奥雷连诺第二相信，菲兰达迟早会由于年老软下心来，让没有得到承认的孙子投身到城市生活中去：在城市里， 当然谁也不会想去翻他的家谱。但小奥雷连诺显然爱上了远离尘嚣的孤独生活，他从未表示任何一点愿望，去认识家门以外的世界。乌苏娜叫人打开梅尔加德斯的房间之后，他便开始在这个房间附近转来转去，不时往门缝里窥视，不知什么时候，也不知怎的，他忽然跟霍·阿卡蒂奥第二相互交谈起来，彼此十分同情，成了朋友。过了许多个星期，有一天小奥雷连诺讲起火车站上的血腥大屠杀，奥雷连诺第二这才发现了他俩建立的友谊。那一天，不知是谁在桌子旁边对撇下马孔多的香蕉公司表示惋惜，因为从那时起，这个市镇就开始走下坡路;小奥雷连诺立即跟他争论起来，他的话使人感到他简直象是一个善于表达思想的成年人。他的观点跟一般人的看法不同，他认为，要不是香蕉公司使马孔多偏离了正确的轨道，让它受到了毒化，把它劫掠一空，而且香蕉公司的工程师们不愿向工人们让步，又酿起一场大水，那么马孔多准是一个有着伟大前途的城镇。小奥雷连诺还谈到了一些确凿可靠的详细情节：军队怎样用机枪打死一群聚集在车站上的工人——总共有三千多人，怎样把尸体装上一列有二百节车厢的火车，把他们扔到海里，他讲得头头是道，但在菲兰达看来，他的话无异是读书人亵渎耶稣的污秽言词。跟大多数人一样，她深信不疑的是官网的报导，他们说车站广场上似乎什么事也没发生。她有点反感地认为这孩子继承了奥雷连诺上校无政府主义的倾向，便叫他闭起嘴来。相反地，奥雷连诺第二却证实了孪生兄弟的话是可靠的。实际上，被人看做疯子的霍。 阿卡蒂奥第二，当时是家里所有的人中最有头脑的人，是他教会小奥雷连诺读书写字的，是他引导这孩子研究羊皮纸手稿的，也是他向这孩子灌输自己的见解的，是他说香蕉公司给马孔多带来灾难的，他的这种见解跟历史学家们采纳的、教科书中阐述的那种习惯说法迎然不同。不知过了多少年，当小奥雷连诺长大成人时，大家还把他的话错当成一种谬论。在热风、灰尘和炎热都渗透不进的小房间里，他俩还回忆起很久以前一个幽灵似的老头儿，戴着一顶乌鸦翅膀似的宽边帽，背朝窗户坐在这儿说古道今，他俩同时发现，在这个房间里，始终是三月，始终是星期一。这时，他俩才明白全家把霍。 阿。 布恩蒂亚看成疯子是错误的，恰恰相反，他是家里头脑清醒的人，清楚地了解这样一个真理：时间在自己的运动中也会碰到挫折，遇到障碍，所以某一段时间也会滞留在哪一个房间里。另外，霍·阿卡蒂奥第二还给羊皮纸手稿的密码符号分了类，把它们排成一张表。他深信，这张表相当于四十六个到五十三个字母组成的字母表，这些字母单独写出来就象小蜘蛛和小壁虱，把它们联成行又象是晒在铅丝上的内衣。小奥雷连诺不由得想起自己曾在英国百科全书里见到过这类东西，便把书拿来比较了一下，两张表果然相符。

　　Around the time of the riddle lottery, Aureliano Segundo began waking up with a knot in his throat, as if he were repressing a desire to weep. Petra Cotes interpreted it as one more of so many upsets brought on by the bad situation, and every morning for over a year she would touch his palate with a dash of honey and give him some radish syrup. When the knot in his throat became so oppressive that it was difficult for him to breathe, Aureliano Segundo visited Pilar Ternera to see if she knew of some herb that would give him relief. The dauntless grandmother, who had reached a hundred years of age managing a small, clandestine brothel, did not trust therapeutic superstitions, so she turned the matter over to her cards. She saw the queen of diamonds with her throat wounded by the steel of the jack of spades, and she deduced that Fernanda was trying to get her husband back home by means of the discredited method of sticking pins into his picture but that she had brought on an internal tumor because of her clumsyknowledge of the black arts. Since Aureliano Segundo had no other pictures except those of his wedding and the copies were all in the family album, he kept searching all through the house when his wife was not looking, and finally, in the bottom of the dresser, he came across a half-dozen pessaries in their original boxes. Thinking that the small red rubber rings were objects of witchcraft he put them in his pocket so that Pilar Ternera could have a look at them. She could not determine their nature, but they looked so suspicious to her that in any case she burned them in a bonfire she built in the courtyard. In order to conjure away Fernanda’s alleged curse, she told Aureliano Segundo that he should soak a broody hen and bury her alive under the chestnut tree, and he did it with such good faith that when he finished hiding the turned-up earth with dried leaves he already felt that he was breathing better. For her part, Fernanda interpreted the disappearance as a reprisal by the invisible doctors and she sewed a pocket of casing to the inside of her camisole where she kept the new pessaries that her son sent her.

　　在奥雷连诺第二打算推行谜语抽彩的时候，每夭早上他都觉得咽喉有点发紧，似乎那儿有一口痰卡住了。佩特娜·柯特断定这只是恶劣的天气引起的一种不舒服之感，便在每天早上拿一把小刷子给他的上颚抹一层蜂蜜和萝卜汁，抹了一年多。不料奥雷连诺第二咽喉里的肿瘤越长越大，连呼吸都开始发生困难，他只好去拜访皮拉，苔列娜，问她知不知道有什么草药能治肿瘤。他的这位曾在妓院里当过老鸨的外祖母，精神矍铄，已经活到一百岁，却依然把医学看成一种迷信。她连忙向纸牌请教。抽出的一张是被黑桃杰克的长剑刺中咽喉的红桃老开，占卜老妇由此推论，菲兰达在丈夫的照片上扎了一根别针，想靠这种陈旧的方式迫使他回家，可她又缺乏巫术知识，这就引起了丈夫体内的肿瘤。除了完整地保存在家庭影集里的那些结婚照片之外，奥雷连诺第二记不得他还有什么照片，就瞒着自己的妻子，翻遍了整座房子，只在五斗橱的深处发现了半打包装特殊的宫托。他以为这些橡皮制的漂亮玩意儿准跟巫术有关，连忙在口袋里藏了一只，拿去给皮拉·苔列娜看。皮拉·苔列娜也不能断定这种神秘玩意儿的用途和性质，不过觉得它们实在令人可疑，便叫奥雷连诺第二把半打宫托都拿来给她，为了以防万一，她在院子里生起一堆火，把它们烧了个精光。她建议奥雷连诺第二抓一只生蛋的母鸡，往鸡身上撒尿，然后把它活埋在栗树下面的泥地里，就可以消除菲兰达可能造成的灾害。奥雷连诺第二由衷地相信事情准会成功，就采纳了这些建议。他刚给掘出的土坑盖上一层干树叶，就感到呼吸好象顺畅些了。不明真相的菲兰达把宫托的失踪解释成没有见过的医生对她的报复，就赶紧在内衣背面缝上一只贴身口袋，把儿子寄给她的一些新宫托藏在里面。

　　Six months after he had buried the hen, Aureliano Segundo woke up at midnight with an attack of coughing and the feeling that he was being strangled within by the claws of a crab. It was then that he understood that for all of the magical pessaries that he destroyed and all the conjuring hens that he soaked, the single and sad piece of truth was that he was dying. He did not tell anyone. Tormented by the fear of dying without having sent Amaranta ?rsula to Brussels, he worked as he had never done, and instead of one he made three weekly raffles. From very early in the morning he could be seen going through the town, even in the most outlying and miserable sections, trying to sell tickets with an anxiety that could only be conceivable in a dying man. “Here’s Divine Providence,?he hawked. “Don’t let it get away, because it only comes every hundred years.?He made pitiful efforts to appear gay, pleasant, talkative, but it was enough to see his sweat and paleness to know that his heart was not in it. Sometimeshe would go to vacant lots, where no one could see him, and sit down to rest from the claws that were tearing him apart inside. Even at midnight he would be in the red-light district trying to console with predictions of good luck the lonely women who were weeping beside their phonographs. “This number hasn’t come up in four months,?he told them, showing them the tickets. “Don’t let it get away, life is shorter than you think.?They finally lost respect for him, made fun of him, and in his last months they no longer called him Don Aureliano, as they had always done, but they called him Mr. Divine Providence right to his face. His voice was becoming filled with wrong notes. It was getting out of tune, and it finally diminished into the growl of a dog, but he still had the drive to see that there should be no diminishing of the hope people brought to Petra Cates’s courtyard. As he lost his voice, however, and realized that in a short time he would be unable to bear the pain, he began to understand that it was not through raffled pigs and goats that his daughter would get to Brussels, so he conceived the idea of organizing the fabulous raffle of the lands destroyed by the deluge, which could easily be restored by a person with the money to do so. It was such a spectacular undertaking that the mayor himself lent his aid by announcing it in a proclamation, and associations were formed to buy tickets at one hundred pesos apiece and they were sold out in less than a week. The night of the raffle the winners held a huge celebration, comparable only to those of the good days of the banana company, and Aureliano Segundo, for the last time, played the forgotten songs of Francisco the Man on the accordion, but he could no longer sing them.

　　奥雷连诺第二活埋抱蛋母鸡之后过了六个月，一天半夜里，他咳嗽一阵醒了过来，感到似乎有一只大蟹在用铁螯乱挟他的内脏。这时他才开始明白，不管他烧掉了多少今人迷惑的宫托，也不管他在多少母鸡身上撒尿，他照样面临着死亡，这才是确凿而又可悲的现实。他没向任何人透露这个想法。由于担心死亡可能在他送阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜去布鲁塞尔之前来临，他不由得拿出一生中从未有过的劲头，一星期搞了三次抽彩，代替过去的一次抽彩，天还没亮，他就起床，怀着只有即将死亡的人才能理解的痛苦心情，跑遍了全镇，连最偏僻、最贫穷的居民区也不放过，一心想把自己的小彩票卖光。“请看天意呀!”他一路叫喊。“不要错过机会，百年才有一次呀!" 他令人感动地装出一副高高兴兴、彬彬有礼、十分健谈的样子，但从他那沁出汗珠的死灰色脸上，一眼就可看出，他很快就不再是这个世界上的居民了，那对正在折磨他内脏的蟹螯使他不得不偶尔溜到一块荒地上去，避开旁人的目光，坐下来喘一口气，哪怕只有一分钟也好。可是半夜里，一想到在那些酒吧旁边长吁短叹的孤身女人身上可能赚得一大笔钱，他就又起床，在人们寻欢作乐的那条街上转来转去。”请看，这个号码已经四个月没有人抽到了!“他指着自己的彩票向她们说。”不要错过机会，生命比我们想象的还短促呀：“最后，大家失去了对他的敬意，开始挖苦他;在他一生的最后几个月里，人家再也不象从前那样尊敬地称他”奥雷连诺先生，，而是毫不客气地当面叫他“天意先生”。他的嗓音也变得越来越微弱、低沉，终于变成了狗的嘶叫声。虽然奥雷连诺第二还能在佩特娜。

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