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2021考研英语阅读练习资料：复活第3章-5

　　The other letter was from his steward. The steward wrote to tell him that a visit to his estates was necessary in order to enter into possession, and also to decide about the further management of his lands; whether it was to continue in the same way as when his mother was alive, or whether, as he had represented to the late lamented princess, and now advised the young prince, they had not better increase their stock and farm all the land now rented by the peasants themselves. The steward wrote that this would be a far more profitable way of managing the property; at the same time, he apologised for not having forwarded the 3,000 roubles income due on the 1st. This money would he sent on by the next mail. The reason for the delay was that he could not get the money out of the peasants, who had grown so untrustworthy that he had to appeal to the authorities. This letter was partly disagreeable, and partly pleasant. It was pleasant to feel that he had power over so large a property, and yet disagreeable, because Nekhludoff had been an enthusiastic admirer of Henry George and Herbert Spencer. Being himself heir to a large property, he was especially struck by the position taken up by Spencer in Social Statics, that justice forbids private landholding, and with the straightforward resoluteness of his age, had not merely spoken to prove that land could not be looked upon as private property, and written essays on that subject at the university, but had acted up to his convictions, and, considering it wrong to hold landed property, had given the small piece of land he had inherited from his father to the peasants. Inheriting his mother's large estates, and thus becoming a landed proprietor, he had to choose one of two things: either to give up his property, as he had given up his father's land ten years before, or silently to confess that all his former ideas were mistaken and false.

　　另一封信是经管他地产的总管写来的。总管在信里说，他聂赫留朵夫必须亲自回乡一次，以便办理遗产过户手续，同时就农业的经营方式作出决定：继续照公爵夫人在世时那样经营呢，还是采取他总管以前曾向公爵夫人提出，如今再向公爵少爷提出的办法，也就是增加农具，把租给农民的土地全部收回自己耕种。总管认为自己耕种要划算得多。此外，总管还表示歉意说，原定月初汇出的三千卢布得耽搁几天，这笔钱将随下一班邮车汇出。耽搁的原因是农民不肯缴租，他收不齐租金，只得求助于官府，强制农民缴纳。聂赫留朵夫收到这封信，又高兴又不高兴。高兴的是他意识到自己掌握了大量产业。不高兴的是他当年原是斯宾塞①的忠实信徒，而且身为大地主，对斯宾塞在《社会静力学》②中所提出的“正义不容许土地私有”这个论点特别折服。他出于青年人的正直和果断，不仅口头上拥护土地不该成为私有财产的观点，在大学里还就这个问题写过论文，而且真的曾把一小块土地(那块土地不属于他母亲所有，而是他从父亲名下直接继承来的)分给农民。他不愿违反自己的信念而占有土地。如今继承了母亲的遗产而成为大地主，他必须在两条道路中间选择一条：或者象十年前处理父亲遗下的两百俄亩土地那样，放弃他名下的产业;或者默认自己以前的全部想法都是荒谬的。

　　He could not choose the former because he had no means but the landed estates (he did not care to serve); moreover, he had formed luxurious habits which he could not easily give up. Besides, he had no longer the same inducements; his strong convictions, the resoluteness of youth, and the ambitious desire to do something unusual were gone. As to the second course, that of denying those clear and unanswerable proofs of the injustice of landholding, which he had drawn from Spencer's Social Statics, and the brilliant corroboration of which he had at a later period found in the works of Henry George, such a course was impossible to him.

　　第一条道路他不能走，因为除了土地他没有任何其他生活资料。他既不愿意做官，又不能放弃早已过惯的奢侈生活。再说，他也没有必要放弃这样的生活，因为年轻时的信仰、决心、虚荣和一鸣惊人的欲望，如今都没有了。至于第二条道路，要否定他从斯宾塞的《社会静力学》中汲取来、后来又从亨利·乔治③的著作里找到光辉论证的“土地私有不合理”这个论点，他可怎么也办不到。

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