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　　2021考研英语阅读怎么训练自己才能得到提高呢？每天阅读一篇英语文章，保持语感，熟悉英文的说话方式，对大家在进行2021考研英语考试的时候非常有帮助，文都网校考研小编为大家带来今天的阅读练习资料：百年孤独。一起来看看吧~

　　经典名句-英文：A lot of people can not say the pain, many people have no action.

　　经典名句-译文：人的很多苦痛无法言说，许多人的举措无可奈何。

2021考研英语阅读练习资料：百年孤独第11章(5)

　　From that time on they did not speak to each other again. When circumstances demanded it they would send notes. In spite of the visible hostility of the family, Fernanda did not give up her drive to impose the customs of her ancestors. She put an end to the custom of eating in the kitchen and whenever anyone was hungry, and she imposed the obligation of doing it at regular hours at the large table in the dining room, covered with a linen cloth and with silver candlesticks and table service. The solemnity of an act which úrsula had considered the most simple one of daily life created a tense atmosphere against which the silent José Arca-dio Segun-do rebelled before anyone else. But the custom was imposed, the same as that of reciting the rosary before dinner, and it drew the attention of the neighbors, who soon spread the rumor that the Buendías did not sit down to the table like other mortals but had changed the act of eating into a kind of high mass. Even úrsula's superstitions, with origins that came more from an inspiration of the moment than from tradition, came into conflict with those of Fernanda, who had inherited them from her parents and kept them defined and catalogued for every occasion. As long as úrsula had full use of her faculties some of the old customs survived and the life of the family kept some quality of her impulsiveness, but when she lost her sight and the weight of her years relegated her to a corner, the circle of rigidity begun by Fernanda from the moment she arrived finally closed completely and no one but she determined the destiny of the family. The business in pastries and small candy animals that Santa Sofía de la Piedad had kept up because of úrsula's wishes was considered an unworthy activity by Fernanda and she lost no time in putting a stop to it. The doors of the house, wide open from dawn until bedtime, were closed during siesta time under the pretext that the sun heated up the bedrooms and in the end they were closed for good. The aloe branch and loaf of bread that hadbeen hanging over the door since the days of the founding were replaced by a niche with the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Colonel Aureli-ano, Buendía became aware somehow of those changes and foresaw their consequences. "We're becoming people of quality," he protested. "At this rate we'll end up fighting against the Conservative regime again, but this time to install a king in its place." Fernanda very tactfully tried not to cross his path. Within herself she was bothered by his independent spirit his resistance to all kinds of social rigidity. She was exasperated by his mugs of coffee at five in the morning, the disorder of his workshop, his frayed blanket, and his custom of sitting in the street door at dusk. But she had to tolerate that one loose piece in the family machinery because she was sure that the old colonel was an animal who had been tamed by the years and by disappointment and who, in a burst of senile rebellion, was quite capable of uprooting the foundations of the house. When her husband decided togive their first son the name of his great-grandfather, she did not dare oppose him because she had been there only a year. But when the first daughter was bom she expressed her unreserved determination to name her Renata after her mother. úrsula had decided to call her Remedios. After a tense argument, in which Aureli-ano Segun-do acted as the laughing go-between, they baptized her with the name Renata Remedios, but Fernanda went on calling her just Renata while her husband's family and everyone in town called her Meme, a diminutive of Remedios.

　　从那一天起，她俩彼此就不说话了。如果有什么非谈不可，两人就写字条，或者通过中间人。菲兰达不顾丈夫的家庭对她显然的敌视，仍想让布恩蒂亚一家人接受她的祖先那些高尚的凤习。这家人本来有个习惯，无论谁饿了，就到厨房里去吃饭，菲兰达却让大家结束这个习惯，按照严格规定的时间在饭厅里的大桌上用餐;桌子铺上雪白的桌布，摆上枝形烛台和银质餐具。乌苏娜一直认为，吃饭是日常生活中一件最简单的事儿，现在竟变成了隆重的仪式，出现了难以忍受的紧张空气，甚至沉默寡言的霍。阿卡蒂奥第二首先起来反对。然而，新的秩序取得了胜利，就象另一个新办法——晚饭之前必须祈祷——一样;这些都引起了左邻右舍的注意，很快就在传说，布恩蒂亚一家人不象其他凡人那样坐在桌边吃饭，而把进餐变成了一种祈祷仪式。乌苏娜灵机一动产生的、并非传统的迷信，甚至也跟菲兰达从父母那儿继承下来的迷信发生了矛盾——在任何情况下，这种迷信都是永远不变的、硬性规定的。乌苏娜迹能充分运用自己的五种感觉时，一切旧的习惯仍然如昔，家庭生活仍旧受到她的决定性影响：但她也丧失了视觉，过高的年岁使她不得不摆脱家庭事务的时候，菲兰达来到了这儿，在这房子周围竖立了森严的壁垒，那就只有她能决定家庭的命运了。按照鸟苏娜的愿望，圣索菲娅·德拉佩德是在继续经营糖果点心和糖动物生意的，菲兰达却认为这是一种不体面的事情，毫不迟疑就把它结束了。往常从早到晚敞开的房门，借口太阳晒得卧空太热，首先在个休时关上了，最后就永远关上了。马孔多村建立时挂在门媚上的一束芦荟和稻穗，换成了一个壁龛，里面供本着耶稣的心脏。奥雷连诺上校看见这些变化，就预见到了它们的后果。“咱们正在变成贵族，”他断定说。“这样，咱们又要对保守党政府发动战争啦，但这一次只是用一个国王来代替它。”菲兰达很有分寸地竭力避免跟他发生冲突。他保持独立自主的精神，他反对她那些死板的规矩，当然使她心中恼火。由于他每天清晨五点的一杯咖啡，由于作坊里一团杂乱，由于他那磨出窟窿的斗篷，由于他每天傍晚坐在临街门前的习惯，她简直气极了。可是，菲兰达不得不容忍家庭机器上这个松了的零件，因为她心里明白，老上校是一只被年岁和绝望制服了的野兽，一旦兽性发作，完全能够彻底摧毁房屋的根基。她的丈夫希望他俩的头生子取曾祖父的名字时，她还不敢反对，因为她那时在这个家庭里才生活了一年。但是，他俩的第一个女儿出世时，菲兰达就直截了当他说要把女儿取名叫雷纳塔，借以纪念自己的母亲。乌苏娜却决定把这小女儿叫做雷麦黛丝。在激烈的争辩中，奥雷连诺第二扮演了一个滑稽可笑的中间人，最后才把女儿叫做雷纳塔·雷麦黛丝。可是母亲叫她雷纳塔，其余的人则叫她梅梅——雷麦黛丝的爱称。

　　At first Fernanda did not talk about her family, but in time she began to idealize her father. She spoke of him at the table as an exceptional being who had renounced all forms of vanity and was on his way to becoming a saint. Aureli-ano Segun-do, startled at that unbridled glorification of his father-in-law, could not resist the temptation to make small jokes behind his wife's back. The rest of the family followed his example. Even úrsula, who was extremely careful to preserve family harmony and who suffered in secret from the domestic friction, once allowed herself the liberty of saying that her little great-great-grandson had his pontifical future assured because he was "the grandson of a saint and the son of a queen and a rustler." In spite of that conspiracy of smiles, the children became accustomed to think of their grandfather as a legendary being who wrote them pious verses in his letters and every Christmas sent them a box of gifts that barely fitted through the outside door. Actually they were thelast remains of his lordly inheritance. They used them to build an altar of life-size saints in the children's bedroom, saints with glass eyes that gave them a disquietingly lifelike look, whose artistically embroidered clothing was better than that worn by any inhabitant of Macon-do. Little by little the funereal splendor of the ancient and icy mansion was being transformed into the splendor of the House of Buendía. "They've already sent us the whole family cemetery," Aureli-ano Segun-do commented one day. "All we need now are the weeping willows and the tombstones." Although nothing ever arrived in the boxes that the children could play with, they would spend all year waiting for December because, after all, the antique and always unpredictable gifts were something, new in the house. On the tenth Christmas, when little José Arcadio was getting ready to go to the seminary, the enormous box from their grandfather arrived earlier than usual, nailed tight and protected with pitch, and addressed in the usual Gothic letters to the Very Distinguished Lady Do?a Fernanda del Carpio de Buendía. While she read the letter in her room the children hastened to open the box. Aided as was customary by Aureli-ano Segun-do, they broke the seals, opened the cover, took out the protective sawdust, and found inside a long lead chest closed by copper bolts. Aureli-ano Segun-do took out the eight bolts as the children watched impatiently, and he barely had time to give a cry and push the children aside when be raised the lead cover and saw Don Fernando, dressed in black and with a crucifix on his chest, his skin broken out in pestilential sores and cooking slowly in a frothy stew with bubbles like live pearls.

　　最初，菲兰达缄口不提自己的父母，但她后来开始塑造了父亲的理想化的形象，在饭厅里，她不时谈到他，把池描绘成独特的人物，说他放弃了尘世的虚荣，正在逐渐变成一个圣徒。奥雷连诺第二听到妻子无 限美化他的岳父，耐不住在她背后来个小动作，开开玩笑。其余的人也仿效他的样子。即使乌苏娜热心维护家庭的和睦，对家庭纠葛暗中感到痛苦，但她有一次也说她的玄孙会当上教皇，因为他是“圣徒的外孙，女玉和窃贼的儿子。”尽管大家诡橘地讥笑，奥雷连诺第二的孩子们仍然惯于把他们的外祖父想象成一个传奇式的人物，他常在给他们的信里写上几句虏诚的诗，而且每逢圣诞节都给他们捎来一箱礼品，箱子挺大，勉强才能搬进房门。其实，唐。 菲兰达怯给外孙们的是他的家产中最后剩下的东西。在孩子们的卧室里，用这些东西塔了一个圣坛，圣坛上有等身圣像，玻璃眼睛使得这些圣像栩栩如生，有点吓人，而圣像身上绣得十分精雅的衣服比马孔多任何居民的衣服都好。古老、阴森的宫邱中陪葬品似的堂皇设备，逐渐移到了布恩蒂亚家敞亮的房子里。“他们把整个家族墓地都送给咱们啦，”奥雷连诺第二有一回说。：“缺少的只是垂柳和墓碑。”尽管外祖父的箱子里从来没有什么可以玩耍的东西，孩子们却整年都在急切地等待十二月的来临，因为那些经常料想不到的老古董毕竟丰富了他们的生活。在第十个圣诞节，年轻的霍。阿卡蒂奥正准备去进神学院的时候，外祖父的一口大箱子就比往常更早地到达了;这口箱子钉得很牢，接缝的地方抹上了防潮树脂;哥特字写的收件人姓名是菲兰达·德卡皮奥太太。菲兰达在卧室里读信的时候，孩子们慌忙打开箱了。协助他们的照例是奥雷连诺第二。他们刮去树脂。拔掉钉子，取掉一层防护的锯屑，发现了一只用铜螺钉旋紧的长箱子，旋掉了全部六颗螺钉、奥雷连诺第二惊叫一声，几乎来不及把孩子们推开，因为在揭开的铅盖下面，他看见了唐·菲兰达。唐·菲兰达身穿黑色衣服，胸前有一个那稣蒙难像，他焖在滚冒泡的蛆水里，皮肤咋嚓嚓地裂开，发出一股恶臭。

　　A short time after the birth of their daughter, the unexpected jubilee for Colonel Aureli-ano, Buendía, ordered by the government to celebrate another anniversary of the Treaty of Neerlandia, was announced. It was a decision so out of line with official policy that the colonel spoke out violently against it and rejected the homage. "It's the first time I've ever heard of the word 'jubilee,' " he said. "But whatever it means, it has to be a trick." The small goldsmith shop was filled with emissaries. Much older and more solemn, the lawyers in dark suits who in other days had flapped about the colonel like crows had returned. When he saw them appear the same as the other time, when they came to put a stop to the war, he could not bear the cynicism of their praise. He ordered them to leave him in peace, insisting that he was not a hero of the nation as they said but an artisan without memories whose only dream was to die of fatigue in the oblivion and misery of his little gold fishes. What made him most indignant was the word that the president of the republic himself planned to be present at the ceremonies in Macon-do in order to decorate him with the Order of Merit. Colonel Aureli-ano, Buendía had him told, word for word, that he was eagerly awaiting that tardy but deserved occasion in order to take a shot at him, not as payment for the arbitrary acts and anachronisms of his regime, but for his lack of respect for an old man who had not done anyone any harm. Such was the vehemence with which he made the threat that the president of the republic canceled his trip at the last moment and sent the decoration with a personal representative. Colonel Geri-neldo Márquez, besieged by pressures of all kinds, left his bed of a paralytic in order to persuade his former companion in arms. When the latter saw the rocking chair carried by four men appear and saw the friend who had shared his victories and defeats since youth sitting in it among some large pillows, he did not have a single doubt but that he was making that effort in order to express his solidarity. But when he discovered the real motive for his visit he had them take him out of the workshop.

　　雷纳塔出生之后不久，因为尼兰德停战协定的又一个周年纪念，政府突然命令为奥雷连诺上校举行庆祝会。这样的决定跟政府的政策是不一致的，上校毫不犹豫地反对它，拒绝参加庆祝仪式。“我第一次听到‘庆祝’这个词儿，”他说。“但不管它的含义如何，这显然是个骗局。”狭窄的首饰作坊里挤满了各式各样的使者。以前象鸟鸦一样在上校周围打转的那些律师又来了，他们穿着黑色礼服，比以前老得多、庄严得多。上校见到他们，就想起他们为了结束战争而来找他的那个时候，简直无法忍受他们那种无耻的吹棒。他要他们别打扰他，说他不是他们所谓的民族英雄，而是一个失去记忆的普通手艺人，他唯一希望的是被人忘却，穷困度日，在自己的金鱼中间劳累至死。最使他气愤的是这么一个消息：共和国总统准备亲临马孔多的庆祝会，想要授予他荣誉勋章。奥雷连诺上校叫人一字不差地转告总统：他正在急切地等待这种姗姗来迟的机会，好把一粒子 弹射进总统的脑门——这不是为了惩罚政府的专横暴戾，而是为了惩罚他不尊重一个无害于人的老头儿。他的恐吓是那么厉害，以致共和国总统在最后一分钟取消了旅行，派私人代表给他送来了勋章。格林列尔多·马克斯上校在备种压力的包围下，离开了他的病榻，希望说服老战友。奥雷连诺上校看见四人抬着的摇椅和坐在摇椅大垫子上的老朋友时，他一分钟也没怀疑，青年时代就跟他共尝胜败苦乐的格林列尔多·马克斯上校克服了自己的疾病，唯一的目的就是支持他作出的决定。但他知道了来访的真实原因之后，就叫来人把摇椅和格林列尔乡·马克斯上校一起抬出作坊。

　　"Now I'm convinced too late," he told him, "that I would have done you a great favor if I'd let them shoot you."

　　“现在我认识得太迟了，”他向格林列尔多·马克斯说。“当初如果我让他们枪毙了你，就是为你做了一件天大的好事。”

　　So the jubilee was celebrated without the attendance of any members of the family. Chance had it that it also coincided with carnival week, but no one could get the stubborn idea out of Colonel Aureli-ano Buendía's head that the coincidence had been foreseen by the government in order to heighten the cruelty of the mockery. From his lonely workshop he could hear the martial music, the artillery salutes, the tolling of the Te Deum, and a few phrases of the speeches delivered in front of the house as they named the street after him. His eyes grew moist with indignation, with angry impotence, and for the first time since his defeat it pained him not to have the strength of youth so that he could begin a bloody war that would wipe out the last vestiges of the Conservative regime. The echoes of the homage had not died down when úrsula knocked at the workshop door.

　　所以禧年没有家里的人来庆祝。碰巧也恰逢嘉年华周，但没有人能从奥雷利·阿诺·布恩迪亚上校的头脑中得到这样一个固执的想法：这一巧合是政府为了加剧嘲弄的残酷性而预见到的。从他孤独的作坊里，他能听到军乐声、礼炮声、重唱声，以及他们以他的名字命名街道时在屋前发表的几句演讲。他的眼睛因愤慨而湿润，因愤怒而无能，这是他战败后第一次痛苦地失去了青春的力量，这样他就可以开始一场血腥的战争，消灭保守政权最后的残余。当乌苏娜敲开车间的门时，致敬的回声并没有消失。

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