考研

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　　2020考研英语阅读：印尼迁都可能需要10年

　　A jungle-covered area on the east of Borneo island is set to be transformed into Indonesia'snew capital city.

　　印度尼西亚新首都将落址在婆罗洲岛东部一片丛林覆盖的地区。

　　Concerns over the sustainability of the congested and rapidly sinking political center of Jakartaprompted the need for a new capital. The relocation was announced Monday by President JokoWidodo.

　　印尼首都雅加达过于拥挤，且迅速下沉，人们对其可持续性发展充满担忧，因此迁都计划提上日程。印尼总统佐科·维多多在本周一宣布了这一计划。

　　The proposed location, near the relatively underdeveloped cities of Balikpapan and Samarinda, is a far cry from the crowded powerhouse which has served as Indonesia's financial heart since1949 -- and Widodo acknowledged that moving the country's capital to the island will be amammoth and expensive undertaking.

　　新首都选址位于相对不发达的巴厘巴板和沙马林达附近，与1949年以来一直是印尼金融中心的拥挤大都市雅加达相去甚远。维多多承认，迁都至该岛将是一项庞大而昂贵的工程。

　　But Jakarta's rapid expansion in recent years has presented myriad environmental, economicand safety concerns, prompting the government to look elsewhere and ease the strain on themassive metropolis.

　　但近年来雅加达的快速扩张引发了环境、经济和安全等种种担忧，促使政府将目光投向别处，缓解这座大都市的压力。

　　"As a large nation that has been independent for 74 years, Indonesia has never chosen itsown capital," Widodo said in a televised speech, AFP reported. "The burden Jakarta is holdingright now is too heavy as the center of governance, business, finance, trade and services."

　　据法新社报道，维多多在电视讲话中说：“作为一个已经独立74年的大国，印尼从未选择过自己的首都。作为行政、商业、金融、贸易和服务中心，雅加达目前承受的负担太重。

　　The ambitious project to move the capital will likely cost around 486 trillion rupiah ($34 billion), CNN Indonesia reported, and officials have previously said the relocation could takearound 10 years.

　　据美国有线电视新闻网印尼频道报道，这一雄心勃勃的迁都计划或将耗资约486万亿印尼盾(约合人民币2442亿元)。印尼官员此前曾表示，迁都可能需要大约10年。

　　Jakarta is home to more than 10 million people, according to the United Nations, with anestimated 30 million in the greater metropolitan area -- making it one of the world's mostoverpopulated urban regions.

　　联合国数据显示，雅加达有1000多万人口，大都市区估计有3000万人口，是全球人口最密集的城市地区之一。

　　It's also one of the fastest-sinking cities on Earth, according to the World Economic Forum, dropping into the Java Sea at an alarming rate due to over-extraction of groundwater.

　　根据达沃斯世界经济论坛的数据，雅加达也是全球下沉速度最 快的城市之一，由于地下水的过度开采，它以惊人的速度沉入爪哇海。据报道，目前该市约40%的部分甚至已经处于海平面以下。

　　The city sits on swampy ground and hugs the sea to the north, making it especially prone toflooding.

　　雅加达坐落在沼泽地，北面紧靠大海，极易发生洪水。

　　A worsening air pollution crisis, exacerbated by near-constant traffic congestion on its roads, has grown so dire that some residents sued the Indonesian government in July.

　　道路上常年的交通堵塞使不断恶化的空气污染危机变得非常可怕，一些居民在7月份起诉了印尼政府。

　　No name has been given for the new site, but the government originally announced plans torelocate the capital in April. The move requires parliamentary approval to be given the go-ahead.

　　印尼政府目前尚未公布新都选址的名称，但是政府最初在4月份宣布了迁都计划。该计划需要得到议会的批准才能进行。

　　Indonesia owns the majority of Borneo, the world's third-largest island, with Malaysia andBrunei each holding parts of its northern region. The island is covered in vast rainforests, but ithas been hit by rampant deforestation in recent years.

　　印度尼西亚拥有世界第三大岛屿婆罗洲的大部分领土，马来西亚和文莱各拥有婆罗洲北部的部分领土。该岛覆盖着大片热带雨林，但近年来受到了猖獗的森林砍伐的严重影响。

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