考研

　　2018考研复习进行时，考研英语阅读真题中的文章，多摘自英美主流外刊，有时候你认识所有单词、搞清全部语法还不够，还需要了解英美文化，掌握他们的表达方式，这就是考研英语阅读的潜台词。

　　Eating too quickly linked to obesity and increased risk of heart disease, diabetes and stroke.

　　吃饭太快——肥胖、心脏病、糖尿病和中风的元凶?

　　Eating slowly could make you less likely to become obese or develop metabolic syndrome, according to preliminary research.

　　初步研究：细嚼慢咽不太可能让人患上肥胖或代谢综合征。

　　This is likely because eating quickly may cause fluctuations in your blood sugar, which can lead to insulin resistance.

　　这可能是因为吃得太快会导致血糖波动，从而导致胰岛素抵抗(译者注：胰岛素抵抗指各种原因使胰岛素促进葡萄糖摄取和利用的效率下降)。

　　Metabolic syndrome is a combination of disorders that multiply a person’s risk for heart disease, diabetes and stroke.

　　代谢综合征是一种紊乱综合征，会增加患心脏病、糖尿病和中风的风险。

　　It occurs when someone has any of three risk factors that include abdominal obesity, high fasting blood sugar, high blood pressure, high triglycerides and/or low HDL cholesterol.

　　当一个人有腹部肥胖、高血糖、高血压、高甘油三酯/或低HDL胆固醇(译者注：HDL胆固醇就是高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，能促进外周组织中胆固醇的消除，防止动脉粥样硬化)这些症状时，往往就会患有代谢综合征。

　　According to research presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2017, eating more slowly could be the key to keeping your health and body in check.

　　根据美国心脏协会2017年科学会议的研究，细嚼慢咽可能是保持身体健康的关键。

　　A team from Hiroshima University in Japan evaluated 642 men and 441 women with an average age of 51.2 years, none of whom had metabolic syndrome, in 2008.

　　2008年，日本广岛大学的研究人员对平均年龄为51.2岁的642名男性和441名女性进行了评估，没有一个患有代谢综合症。

　　The participants were divided into three categories based on how they described their usual eating speed: slow, normal or fast.

　　研究人员根据他们描述的日常饮食速度将其分为三类：慢速、正常和快速。

　　Five years later, the researchers reassessed the participants.

　　五年后，研究人员重新对他们进行了测评。

　　They found that the fast eaters were more likely (11.6 per cent) to have developed metabolic syndrome than normal eaters (6.5 per cent) and slow eaters (2.3 per cent).

　　他们发现，快食者(11.6%)比正常饮食者(6.5%)和慢食者(2.3%)更易患上代谢综合症。

　　Eating quickly was also linked to more weight gain, larger waistline and higher blood glucose.

　　吃得快也常常伴随着体重增加、腰围增大和血糖升高。

　　Taking the time to consciously chew your food and eat slowly allows for your brain to receive fullness signals, so you’re more likely to stop eating earlier.

　　花点时间下意识咀嚼食物，慢慢吃，大脑就会接收到你吃饱了的信号，这样你就更可能尽早停止进食。

　　“Eating more slowly may be a crucial lifestyle change to help prevent metabolic syndrome,” said Takayuki Yamaji, M.D., study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan.

　　日本广岛大学的研究作者和心脏病专家Takayuki Yamaji, M.D说：“细嚼慢咽可能是生活方式的一次重要改变，这样做有助于预防代谢综合征。”

　　“When people eat fast they tend not to feel full and are more likely to overeat. Eating fast causes bigger glucose fluctuation, which can lead to insulin resistance. We also believe our research would apply to a U.S. population.”

　　“人们进食快时往往不觉得饱，就很可能会吃得更多，从而导致血糖波动大进而导致胰岛素抵抗。我们也相信我们的研究是适用于(全体)美国人民的。”

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