考研

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　　本期主题【土豪】

　　The word "Tuhao" dates back as early as the Southern Dynasty 1,500 years ago and its meaning changes over time. From the 1920s to the early 1950s, it was widely used to refer to landholders who were rich and powerful in rural areas of China Recent, the word is endowed with a new meaning by the highly creative Chinese Internet users and is used to describe people who have a lot of money but bad taste. There have been more than 100 million references to the word "Tuhao" on social media in China since early September 2013. After BBC's recent program about the influential Chinese words is broadcast, the word has caught the attention of the editing team of Oxford English Dictionary and may be included in the next year's edition.

　　参考翻译:

　　“土豪”(Tuhao)—词最早可追溯到1500年前的南朝(theSouthern Dynasty)时期，其含义随时间的推移而改变。20世纪20至50年代初，它被广泛用于形容那些在中国农村有钱有势的地主。最近，极富创造性的中国网民赋予了这个词新的含义，他们借用该词来形容那些十分有钱却品味差的人。2013年9月上旬以来，“土豪”一词在中国社交媒体上出现了1亿多次。在BBC近期一档关于中国热词(influential Chinese words)的栏目播出后，该词引起了《牛津词典》编著团队的关注，明年可能会被收入词典中。

　　1.第二句话中“地主”的修饰语很长，可把“那些在中国农村有钱有势的”处理成who引导的定语从句，跟在“地主”landholders 之后。

　　2.第三句“极富创造性的中国网民赋予了…”主语为中国网民，但由于该段落的主题是“土豪”，故翻译时将句子处理为被动语态更为妥当，用the word为主语，以突出讲述的主体，使上下文连接更连贯，即译为the word is endowed with a new meaning by...and is used to describe....。其中的“那些十分有钱却缺乏相应品味的人”处理为who引导的定语从句。

　　3.“2013年9月上旬以来，‘土豪’一词在中国社交媒体上出现了1亿多次”可翻译成there be句型，注意这里时态上宜采用现在完成时there have been,与时间状语since early September相呼应。“出现了1亿多次”实际上是指“土豪”一词在媒体上被大量使用或提及，因此可译成more than 100 million references。

　　4.文章最后“明年可能会被收入词典中”中的“词典”指前面出现过的“《牛津词典》”可译成may be included in the next year's edition，用 edition 来替代 dictionary，避免重复。